Exact search |
|
Exact search is searching for the string of characters entered in the search field in exactly the same way as you enter it and includes the use of upper and lower case. This may be used for search terms taking different meanings according to grammar.
To use exact search, in the search field, enter your search term exactly as required and put it in straight, single, upper quotation marks.
Examples:
'Lahm' is searching for the football player Philipp Lahm, but not for the German adjective "lahm" (lame) – except if the adjective is written with a capital first letter at the beginning of a sentence.
'VOR' is searching for the Austrian transport association “Verkehrsverbund Ostregion”, but not for the German preposition "vor".
Only use the quotation marks '<search term>', but not ‚<search term>‘ or ´<search term>`.
Exact search can be combined with other search terms or search options.
|
Combining search terms |
Combining search terms |
In the search field, you enter those terms that are to be present in the article text. You can use the following combinations of search terms to bring search terms into a relation with each other. |
UND or AND |
Using UND or AND only finds articles with both search terms present.
Two adjacent words are automatically linked with AND .
|
ODER or OR |
If two search terms are linked with ODER or OR , the search produces a list of all articles containing at least one of the two search terms. |
UND NICHT, NICHT or NOT |
When UND NICHT, NICHT or NOT is used to link search terms, the search produces a list of articles containing the first search term, but not the second.
Example: ENVIRONMENT NOT CLIMATE finds all articles containing the search term “environment” but not “climate”.
|
Combinations |
Use brackets to combine several linked search terms.
Example: ENVIRONMENT AND (CLIMATE OR NATURE)
|
Phrase search " |
To search for a phrase, all words must be enclosed in inverted commas (“”), for example “Ban Ki-moon” or “United Nations”.
Use inverted commas also for search terms containing spaces or keywords such as NOT, for example "Nachbar in Not".
|
Placeholders |
|
Placeholders allow you to search for variations of words. |
Placeholder * |
* can be used as a placeholder for any part of a word.
Example: “Hous*” produces search results for “housing”, “housekeeping”, ...
|
Placeholder : |
: can be used as a placeholder for single characters.
You can use this placeholder several times within one word.
Example: “yo::::rt” produces the search results “yoghourt” as well as “yogurt”.
|
Additional operators |
CONTAINS.n (list)
|
By using CONTAINS.n (list) , you can enter a list of words separated by commas where at least as many words need to be present in the article text as is indicated in the n parameter.
If the operator CONTAINS is used without the n parameter, this corresponds to an ANDlink.
|
NEAR.n (list)
|
By using NEAR.n (list) , you can enter a list of words separated by commas where the distance between these words in the article text must not be larger than the number of words as indicated in the n parameter. If no parameter is used, the words must be in close proximity. |
ATLEAST.n (Phrase)
|
By using ATLEAST.n (Phrase) , you can indicate how often the entered phrase must be present in the article text. |
Prioritisation |
PRIO or PRIORITAET |
Using PRIO or PRIORITAET you can filter important articles according to the prioritisation that has been assigned to them.
The following prioritisations are used:
|
|
Prioritisation |
Name |
Short form |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can combine prioritisations with the operators<, <=, =, >=, >.
Example: In a search for all articles with the prioritisation 1, 2 or 3, enter the following search term: PRIO<=3
|
Frequently used database fields |
|
Searches can be executed within individual database fields. |
|
The following database fields are frequently used for searches in agency sources: |
TITEL=(search term)
|
TITEL=EU finds all articles containing “EU” in the article’s title. [The German word “TITEL” stands for “title”.] |
STICHWORT=(search term)
|
All agency articles contain keywords that you can use in your searches. [The German word “STICHWORT” stands for “keyword”.]
For a list of keywords click APA-Metadaten - IPTC Media Topic Newscodes in the Help menu. This document is only available in German.
|
|
STICHWORT=UMWELT finds all articles that are predominantly giving information on the environment. |
QUELLE=(search term)
|
QUELLE=APR finds all OTS press releases – primarily in the OTS dababase – that have been sent using the sender code “APR (Austria Presse Agentur). [The German word “QUELLE” stands for “source”.] |
|
The following database fields are frequently used in searches in newspapers, online media as well as radio and TV sources: |
MUTATION=(search term)
|
MUTATION=NIEDERÖSTERREICH finds all newspaper articles with the entry “Niederösterreich” (Lower Austria) in the database field “Mutation”. [The German word “MUTATION” stands for “variant”.]
Media are using different variants for Austria’s federal provinces.
MUTATION=ZIB2 2200 finds all ZIB 2 news programs in the transcripts of electronic media that have been broadcast at 10 pm.
|
SEITE=(search term)
|
SEITE=1 brings you to a newspaper’s front page. [The German word “SEITE” stands for “page”.] |
AUSGABE=(search term)
|
AUSGABE=18/2016 finds the 18th edition of the year 2016. [The German word “AUSGABE” stands for “edition”.] |
Word stem search |
Active |
A search where the word stem search has been activated will also produce articles containing grammatical variations of the search term. For example, a search for “house” will also produce hits containing the word “houses”. Word stem searches are activated by default for generally available search templates. |
Inactive |
If the word stem search has been deactivated, grammatical variations are not considered. You can instead use placeholders. |
List of suggestions |
Suggestions for searches |
While you enter a search term, a list of up to ten suggestions for search terms is displayed. If your search term consists of several words, only the last word is used for suggestions. |